"전설로 떠나는 월가의 영웅" 원서로 공부하기 71편 : "빚을 탕감하다", 영어로 어떻게 할까요?

* 전설적인 펀드 매니저 피터 린치의 "전설로 떠나는 월가의 영웅" 원서를 통해 투자공부와 영어공부, 두 마리 토끼를 모두 잡기 위한 컨텐츠입니다.

* 원서 제목은 "One up on wall street" 입니다.

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이제부터는 12장 Getting the Facts입니다.

# Better that you lead off with a question that shows you’ve done some research
on your own, such as: “I see in the last annual report that you reduced debt by
$500 million. What are the plans for further debt reduction?” This will get you a
more serious answer than if you ask: “What are you guys doing about debt?”

 

☞ lead off :

If someone leads off in an activity, meeting, or conversation, they start it.

Whenever there was a dance he and I led off. [VERB PARTICLE] 

Boren surprisingly led off the most intensive line of questioning today. [VERB PARTICLE noun] 

☞ "500백만원 달러의 빚을 탕감하다" 영어로 어떻게 할까요? 

reduce debt by $500 million

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# Even if you have no script, you can learn something by asking two general
questions: “What are the positives this year?” and “What are the negatives?”
Maybe they’ll tell you about the plant in Georgia that lost $10 million last year
but has now been closed down, or about the unproductive division that’s being
sold off for cash. Maybe some new product has come along to speed up the
growth rate. Back in 1987, investor relations at Sterling Drug could have told
you if the recent medical news about aspirin had boosted sales.

 

☞ sell off: to sell something quickly and for a low price, usually because you need money

The company will have to sell off assets to avoid bankruptcy.

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# On the negative side, you’ll learn there’s been an increase in labor costs, that
demand for a major product has slipped, that there’s a new competitor in the
business, or that the falling (or rising) dollar is going to reduce profits. If it’s a
clothing manufacturer you’re addressing, maybe you’ll discover that this year’s
line isn’t selling and that inventories have piled up.

 

☞ slip : to become gradually less strong or good, or to move into a worse condition

Support for the death penalty has been slipping.

Profits slipped by 13% last year.

Standards have been slipping over the years.

☞ slip이 단순히 미끄러지다(if you slip, your feet slide accidentally and you lose your balance or fall over

Margaret slipped and broke her arm.

slip on: 

Be careful you don’t slip on the wet floor.)의 뜻만 있는 것이 아니라, 감소하다(decline)의 뜻이 있습니다. 그래서 "수요가 감소하다"는 표현도 이렇게 쓸 수 있습니다.

the demand has slipped

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# At the end, you can sum up the conversation: three negatives, four positives.
In most cases you’ll hear something that confirms what you suspected—
especially if you understand the business. But once in a while you’ll learn
something unexpected—that things are either better or worse than they appear.
The unexpected can be very profitable if you’re buying or selling stocks.

 

☞ sum up : to give a summary of something

I’ll sum up briefly and then we’ll take questions.

Summing up the discussion, he said that all parties would consider how best to resolve the problem.

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# In the course of my research I find something out of the ordinary in about
one out of every ten calls. If I’m calling depressed companies, then in nine cases
the details will confirm that the companies ought to be depressed, but in the
tenth case, there’ll be some new cause for optimism that isn’t generally perceived.
The same ratio holds, but in reverse, for the companies that are supposedly in
great shape. If I make 100 calls, I find 10 surprising situations, or if I make
1,000 calls, then 100.

 

☞  supposedly : as some people believe or say, although you may not agree with this

The house is supposedly haunted.

Supposedly the process causes no environmental damage.